Konsep Peserta Didik dalam Perspektif Al-Qur'an: Kajian Tafsir Maudhu'i tentang Fitrah, Potensi, dan Etika Pembelajaran

Abstract

This study aims to formulate a comprehensive concept of learners based on the perspective of the Qur'an. In the modern era, educational disorientation often reduces humans to mere mechanical-economic objects. This study employs a qualitative descriptive library research method with a Tematic Exegesis (Tafsir Maudhu'i) approach. The results indicate that the Qur'an views learners not as a blank slate (tabula rasa), but as theological subjects equipped with fitrah (divine and inherent goodness potential) alongside cognitive-spiritual instruments, including hearing, sight, intellect (al-'aql), and the heart (al-qalb). This concept is represented through multidimensional terms such as al-muta'allim and al-thālib, which are rooted in the nature of human existence (al-insān). Furthermore, the narrative of Prophet Musa and Prophet Khidr in Surah Al-Kahf emphasizes that ethics—such as patience, obedience, and spiritual sharpness—are absolute prerequisites for the transformation of knowledge. The pedagogical implications of this Qur'anic insight demand a reconstruction of modern Islamic education to treat learners humanely, holistically, and through the guidance of their innate fitrah potential.