Tafsir Maqāṣidī Ayat-Ayat Qiṣāṣ Perspektif Al-Marāghī

Abstract

This research examines the interpretation of Tafsīr al-Marāghī on the Qur’anic verses of qiṣāṣ through the maqāṣidī tafsīr approach. The study focuses on three main aspects: how Aḥmad Muṣṭafā al-Marāghī interpreted the verses of qiṣāṣ, what objectives of Islamic law (maqāṣid al-sharī‘ah) can be identified from these verses, and how these objectives are relevant to the discourse of justice and human rights in contemporary society. This is a qualitative-descriptive study employing a thematic (mawḍū‘ī) method, emphasizing the exploration of wisdom and purposes behind the legal provisions of the Qur’an. The primary source is Tafsīr al-Marāghī, while the secondary data are drawn from other tafsīr works, usūl al-fiqh literature, contemporary tafsīr studies, as well as relevant journals and academic writings. The findings reveal that al-Marāghī interprets the verses of qiṣāṣ in a rational, moderate, and humanistic manner. He emphasizes that qiṣāṣ is not an instrument of vengeance, but rather a means of protecting life (ḥifẓ al-nafs), establishing justice, and preventing crime. This interpretation aligns with the objectives of maqāṣid al-sharī‘ah, which include the preservation of religion, life, intellect, property, and progeny. Furthermore, the maqāṣid implied in the qiṣāṣ verses are closely related to principles of justice, humanity, and the balance of rights and obligations, in harmony with human rights values. Thus, al-Marāghī’s interpretation contributes significantly to the development of Islamic law that is inclusive, contextual, and adaptive to the dynamics of modern times.